Teachers' Readiness for Innovation as Perceived by School Leaders: a Descriptive-Correlational Study Using the Technology-Organization-Environment Framework
Year: 2026
Type: conference-paper
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: This study examined teachers' readiness for ICT-based innovation as perceived by school leaders in public elementary and secondary schools in the Schools Division of Bayugan City, Agusan del Sur, Philippines. Guided by the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, a structured questionnaire assessed technological, organizational, and environmental support, along with teachers' readiness across six innovation standards: Technology Operations and Concepts, Planning and Designing Technology-Enriched Learning Experiences, Teaching, Learning, and the Curriculum, Assessment and Evaluation Using Technology, Productivity and Professional Practice through Innovation, and Social, Ethical, and Legal Use of Technology. Descriptive statistics summarized demographic profiles and levels of support, while Spearman's rho correlations evaluated relationships between TOE dimensions and teachers' readiness. Nonparametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U,$\boldsymbol{\alpha}=\mathbf{. 0 5})$examined differences in readiness based on school leaders' characteristics. Results indicated moderately high support for innovation across all TOE dimensions, with organizational and environmental factors showing stronger associations with teachers' readiness than technological factors$(\rho=.343-.630, \mathrm{p}<.05)$. Teachers in urban schools and those who participated in structured ICT training demonstrated higher readiness in higher-order competencies. Strategies to enhance readiness included professional development, mentoring, collaborative planning, leadership support, and external partnerships, particularly in rural and resource-limited contexts. Findings highlight the importance of a holistic, multi-strategy approach to developing teachers' ICT competencies, bridging contextual disparities, and fostering sustainable school-based innovation.
Authors: John Glenn B. Paradero, Ariel U. Cubillas
Institution: Caraga State University
Language: English
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7202299249