Work

Unraveling the Dynamic Effects of Growth, Energy Demand and Agricultural Performance on Environmental Degradation in the Asean Region

Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Using CADF, FMOLS, and CCR estimators, this study examines the long-run relationships between CO₂ emissions and key economic and environmental factors in ASEAN countries from 1996-2020. The results show that agriculture and renewable freshwater resources significantly reduce emissions, while economic growth increases them. Tourism lowers emissions only under FMOLS, whereas foreign direct investment exhibits a weak positive effect, and industrial activity reduces emissions only in the CCR model, highlighting the need for targeted environmental policy reforms in the region.
Institution: Mamun University
Language: English
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7203449030
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