Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Systematic Review
Abstract: Indonesia has made substantial progress toward universal health coverage (UHC) through the National Health Insurance (JKN) programme, yet evidence on financing, equity, efficiency, and governance remains fragmented. Previous reviews have largely examined individual aspects of JKN or health financing, limiting understanding of broader health system challenges. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from 27 studies using an integrated framework encompassing financing, equity, efficiency, and governance. The findings show that while JKN has expanded coverage and reduced some financial barriers, major challenges persist, including catastrophic health expenditure, regional disparities in access, inefficient provider payment systems, and governance fragmentation under decentralization. Preventive interventions consistently demonstrate favourable cost-effectiveness and long-term economic benefits. Immediate policy priorities include strengthening strategic purchasing and provider payment reforms, while long-term reforms should focus on hybrid financing, fiscal equalization, and preventive health investment. Indonesia’s experience offers lessons for other emerging economies pursuing sustainable and equitable UHC.
Source: Revista Galega de Economía
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7203663666