Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Building Design Alternatives for Energy Efficiency Using CRITIC and CoCoSo Methods
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: This study aims to evaluate building design alternatives in terms of energy efficiency using the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach. The analysis was conducted on 12 representative building alternatives selected from the UCI Energy Efficiency dataset using the K Means clustering algorithm. Relative compactness, surface area, wall area, roof area, overall height, and glazing area design parameters were selected as criteria. The criterion weights were objectively determined using the CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) method, which takes into account inter-criteria correlation and data variability. The CoCoSo (Combined Compromise Solution) method was used to rank the building alternatives. The ranking results of the building alternatives obtained from the analysis were compared with the reference Heating Load and Cooling Load indicators. According to the CoCoSo results, alternative A5 achieved the highest performance score (k=2.426), while the average heating and cooling load of the top four alternatives in the CoCoSo ranking was calculated as 17.428, whereas that of the bottom four alternatives was calculated as 26.523. These results demonstrated that the alternatives with higher performance scores exhibited better energy performance. As a result, the proposed CRITIC-CoCoSo approach provides an objective, reliable, and data-driven decision support tool for the evaluation of building energy performance.
Authors: Aslı Özcan, Sinem Esen
Institution: Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University
Language: Turkish
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7203757245