Current Research Status and Development Prospects of Male Pregnancy
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: For a long time, pregnancy and gestation have been regarded as physiological functions unique to females. With the rapid advancement of reproductive medicine, developmental biology, and bioengineering technology, the concept of "male pregnancy" has gradually transitioned from science fiction speculation to a subject of scientific inquiry. Current academic research primarily focuses on four core directions: clinical pregnancy studies in transgender men, pregnancy model experiments in male mammals, theoretical and technical research on uterine transplantation for biological males, and research on artificial uterus in-vitro gestation technology. This paper systematically reviews domestic and international research achievements related to male pregnancy, distinguishing four distinct scenarios: real clinical cases, animal experimental models, theoretical technical assumptions, and pathological ectopic pregnancy. It summarizes current technological breakthroughs, core bottlenecks, and the medical, ethical, and social risks associated with related technologies. The paper also prospects the future development directions and application boundaries of reproductive technology, aiming to help teenagers understand cutting-edge reproductive science and establish scientific views on life and ethics.
Authors: Chang Liheng, Guo Xue, Liu, Hong-sheng
Language: English
Subfield: Reproductive Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7203779289