Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of Lignin-Chitosan-Agarose Hydrogel Combined with Molecular Simulations for Potential Anti-Acne Patch Applications
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Acne patches provide a convenient site-specific approach for topical acne treatment. However, their rapid drug release may limit sustained drug availability at the affected site. This study integrates the synthesis, comprehensive characterization, molecular docking simulation, and in vitro evaluation of a lignin:chitosan:agarose composite hydrogel designed as a short-term sustained release vehicle for salicylic acid in acne treatment. The hydrogel exhibited a soft, stable texture with a highly porous micro-structure, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, thereby facilitating efficient drug loading and controlled release. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated strong intermolecular interactions among the hydrogel components and salicylic acid. Antibacterial testing demonstrated significant inhibitory activity against Cutibacterium acnes, the primary pathogen in acne symptoms. In vitro release studies showed approximately 96% cumulative release of salicylic acid over 6 hours, suitable for prolonged topical application, such as anti-acne patches. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations revealed stable hydrogen-bonding interactions between salicylic acid and the active site of C. acnes lipase (PDB ID: 6KHM), suggesting potential enzymatic inhibition. These findings highlight the lignin:chitosan:agarose hydrogel as a promising biocompatible platform for controlled salicylic acid delivery with dual antibacterial and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, advancing its potential as an effective anti-acne patch.
Source: Preprints.org
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7204040992