Learning Effects of Generative AI Teaching Robots in Java Programming
Year: 2026
Type: conference-paper
Study design: Clinical Trial
Abstract: Programming education faces persistent challenges such as high learning barriers, abstract concepts, and frustration among novice learners in self-directed settings. Although generative AI offers potential support for programming learning, concerns remain regarding accuracy, feedback stability, and learner dependency. To address these issues, this study proposes a generative AI-assisted teaching robot integrated into a physical-virtual learning environment for self-directed Java programming. Using a quasiexperimental design with university students, pre- and post-tests and questionnaires were administered. The results indicate significant improvements in learners' programming performance along with positive perceptions toward the proposed robots. Overall, the findings suggest that AI-assisted teaching robots can provide timely, personalized scaffolding and effectively support self-directed programming learning.
Authors: Chih-Chien Hu, Ming-Hsien Chen, Imam Yuadi
Institutions: Tatung University, Universitas Airlangga
Language: English
Subfield: Computer Science Applications
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7204079816