Theoretical Framework and Pedagogical Implementation of the SPOC-Based Instructional Model in Collegiate Volleyball General Education
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Against the backdrop of educational digitalization, university physical education courses urgently require innovative instructional models to enhance teaching effectiveness and foster students' lifelong physical literacy. Volleyball general courses, characterized by high skill complexity and strong requirements for team coordination, face practical challenges such as limited class hours, significant disparities in student proficiency levels, and diversified evaluation dimensions. This study aims to explore the theoretical underpinnings and practical value of applying the SPOC (Small Private Online Course) instructional model in volleyball general courses. Drawing on theories from pedagogy, psychology, and sports didactics, the study adopts an approach integrating literature review, theoretical construction, and case-based validation to systematically delineate the core features of the SPOC model and to construct a three-dimensional theoretical framework for its application in volleyball instruction. The findings indicate that building a self-organized learning system integrating in-class and out-of-class contexts can effectively overcome the inherent limitations of traditional volleyball teaching. This study not only enriches the theoretical discourse on the digital transformation of physical education, but also provides practical guidance for the reform of university sports curricula.
Source: Adult and Higher Education
Authors: Cao Guoqiang, Li Shimeng, Luo Zheng
Institution: Hunan Institute of Science and Technology
Language: English
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7204182625