Work

Blood Stream Infections (BSI) Among Hemodialysis Patients: Microbiological Profile and Challenges for Infection Control

Year: 2026

Type: book-chapter

Abstract: Background: Hemodialysis catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI) pose a major challenge in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis by increasing associated morbidity and mortality.Objective: To determine the incidence, risk factors and microbiological profile of CRBSI in individuals receiving hemodialysis through central venous line (CVC) at a tertiary care hospital.Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over one year, incorporating a quality improvement initiative that involved real-time data collection, root cause analysis, and implementation of infection control interventions to reduce CRBSI incidence.The study included all patients with chronic renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis, aged > 18 years, and who had a CVC catheter (tunneled or non-tunneled) for > 48 hours.CRBSI diagnosis followed IDSA criteria.Demographic, clinical, and microbiological data were collected.Results: A total of 96 patients were suspected of sepsis based on signs and symptoms.Of these, 34 patients were diagnosed with CRBSI, with a rate of 1.9 cases /1000 catheter days.During the study period, 430 patients required a total of 485 temporary venous access insertions, accounting for total of 17,035 catheter days.Of the total isolates, 17 (50%) were gram-negative bacteria, 14 (41%) were gram-positive bacteria, and 3 (8%) were fungi (2 Candida species and one Trichosporon species).The most common single causative agent was Staphylococcus aureus (26%).Most of the Gram-negative isolates belong to classes commonly known for multidrug resistance.Conclusion: Gram-negative pathogens contribute increasingly to CRBSI in hemodialysis patients, underscoring the need for robust infection control measures.

Source: Advances in biological sciences research/Advances in Biological Sciences Research

DOI: 10.2991/978-94-6239-756-9_7

Authors: Sumit Chavan, Kalpana Angadi, Girish Kumthekar

Institution: Symbiosis International University

Language: English

Topic: Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis

Subfield: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

OpenAlex ID: W7204196542