Analysis of Cesarean Section Rates According to the Robson Ten-Group Classification System: A Three-Year Retrospective Study
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background and Aim: This study aimed to analyze cesarean section rates using the Robson Ten-Group Classification System and to identify the main contributing obstetric groups over a three-year period at a tertiary referral center. Materials and Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included all eligible deliveries between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2025. Deliveries were classified according to the Robson system. Group size, group-specific cesarean section rate, and relative contribution to all cesarean deliveries were calculated. Annual changes in overall, primary, and group-specific cesarean section rates were evaluated. Results: Among 6721 deliveries, 4580 were performed by cesarean section, yielding an overall cesarean section rate of 68.1%. The primary cesarean section rate was 33.0%. The overall rate decreased from 70.6% in 2023 to 61.4% in 2025 (p<0.001), and the primary cesarean section rate decreased from 36.1% to 25.1% (p<0.001). Robson Group 5 was the leading contributor, accounting for 38.1% of all cesarean deliveries, with a group-specific cesarean section rate of 99.1%. Groups 10 and 1 were the next major contributors, accounting for 19.3% and 17.6%, respectively. Cesarean section rates in Groups 1–4 decreased over time, whereas those in Groups 5 and 10 remained high. Conclusion: The overall cesarean section rate remained high but decreased over time, mainly in parallel with reductions in Groups 1–4. Robson Group 5 remained the dominant contributor to the overall cesarean burden.
Authors: Alaattin Karabulut, Uğurcan Dağlı
Language: English
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7204202832