Optimal Battery Energy Storage Sizing and Dynamic Fault Protection for a Solar–Biomass Hybrid Microgrid in an Islanded Power System
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Optimal sizing and operation of battery energy storage remain critical challenges for islanded microgrids, where supply–demand balancing depends entirely on local resources. This study investigates the techno‐economic optimization and fault‐resilient integration of battery storage within a solar–biomass hybrid microgrid designed for Saint Martin’s Island, Bangladesh. Using HOMER Pro, the optimal battery capacity is determined alongside solar photovoltaic (PV) and biomass generator (BioGen) sizing to minimize lifecycle cost while ensuring zero capacity shortage. The optimal configuration requires 3650 kWh of battery storage (73 units of 50 kWh each), reducing the net present cost (NPC) from 1,347,078.73 to 828,330.21 USD and the cost of energy (COE) from 0.0934 to 0.0574 USD/kWh relative to the existing system. The battery energy storage system (BESS) operates within a state of charge (SOC) range of approximately 11% to 100% across the year, with 45% to 100% observed during a representative week in July. A sensitivity analysis under ±40% variation of five key parameters confirms system robustness, with financial parameters exerting the strongest influence on storage economics. Dynamic validation in MATLAB/Simulink demonstrates that a push–pull converter integrated with undervoltage protection isolates the storage system from DC faults, suppressing fault currents from approximately 1000 A to near zero. The proposed framework provides a storage‐centered methodology for resilient and economical islanded microgrid deployment.
DOI: 10.1155/er/4124195
Language: English
Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,700
OpenAlex ID: W7204223902