Work

Characterization of biochar produced from olive mill solid waste using slow pyrolysis: Effect of temperature and heating rate

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: This study investigated the effect of pyrolysis temperature and heating rate on the properties of biochar produced from olive mill solid waste (OMSW). Various analyses were carried out, including biochar yield, proximate and ultimate analysis, higher heating value (HHV), pH, point of zero charge (PZC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and BET analysis. These analyses revealed that as the pyrolysis temperature increases, ash and carbon content, fixed carbon, HHV, PZC, surface area, and total pore volume increase. However, an increase in pyrolysis temperature leads to a reduction in both biochar yield and oxygen-containing functional groups. The heating rate showed a positive relationship the oxygen content, surface area, micropore volume, and total pore volume. In contrast, the heating rate had only a slight effect on the ash content, HHV, and PZC. The maximum values of carbon content and fixed carbon were observed in the biochar produced at a heating rate of 20 °C/min, which indicates improved stability and carbonization. Taken together, these results suggest that selecting the pyrolysis temperature and heating rate should be optimized according to the environmental or agricultural application of biochar to maximize its benefit in these applications.

Source: Results in Surfaces and Interfaces

DOI: 10.1016/j.rsurfi.2026.100949

Author: Suha T. Aldmour

Institution: Mutah University

Language: English

Topic: Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes

Subfield: Fuel Technology

Field: Energy

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Responsible consumption and production, Affordable and clean energy

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,190