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NaOH‐Modified Myriophyllum spicatum as a Novel Biosorbent for Methylene Blue: Characterization, Kinetics, and Optimization

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: The increasing accumulation of invasive aquatic plants presents both an environmental challenge and an opportunity for resource recovery. In this study, NaOH‐modified M. spicatum biomass was evaluated as a biosorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The modified material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which confirmed morphological alterations after alkali treatment and the presence of oxygen‐containing functional groups involved in dye uptake. Batch biosorption experiments were conducted to examine the effects of solution pH, biosorbent dosage, contact time, and initial MB concentration. Biosorption equilibrium was most accurately represented by the Langmuir model, yielding a maximum adsorption capacity of 26.26 mg·g −1 , whereas kinetic behavior was better explained by the pseudo‐second‐order model (PSO), indicating that the biosorption process was governed primarily by surface interactions. Intraparticle diffusion analysis further suggested that diffusion contributed to dye uptake but was not the only rate‐controlling mechanism. Process variables were subsequently optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite design (CCD). Statistical analysis demonstrated that biosorbent dosage and initial dye concentration exerted the greatest influence on biosorption performance, while contact time had a comparatively limited effect within the investigated experimental domain. The optimized conditions predicted a biosorption capacity of 63.78 mg·g −1 . These results demonstrate that chemically modified M. spicatum biomass can be transformed from invasive aquatic waste into an effective biosorbent, providing a sustainable and economically attractive alternative for the treatment of dye‐contaminated wastewater.

Source: Journal of Chemistry

DOI: 10.1155/joch/6908978

Author: Arslan Yusuf Yüksel

Institution: Harran University

Language: English

Topic: Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal

Subfield: Water Science and Technology

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Clean water and sanitation, Responsible consumption and production

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,160