Work

Common bean lines developed in a biological nitrogen fixation system based on wild germplasm

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: ABSTRACT Wild common bean accessions represent an important source of genetic variability for improving biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The aims of this study were to estimate genetic parameters of lines developed under rhizobial inoculation conditions, obtained by backcross between an elite line and a wild accession, and to select high-yielding carioca common bean lines adapted to these conditions. A total of 95 lines derived from a cross between the elite line CNFC 10762 and the wild accession G2k3499A, followed by one backcross to the elite parent, were evaluated. The lines and three check genotypes were evaluated in the 2019 and 2020 winter crop seasons in Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil, under BNF-based systems (rhizobial inoculation and absence of mineral nitrogen) using a randomized block design with three replications. Yield, grain appearance, and 100-seed weight were evaluated. Genetic variability was observed among lines, with some exceeding the CNFC 10762 line (1,877 kg•ha-1) and the Pérola cultivar (1,724 kg•ha-1). Heritability estimates were 59% for yield, 78% for 100-seed weight, and 80% for grain appearance, indicating favorable conditions for selection. Notable gains were achieved through simultaneous selection of the best lines for the traits evaluated (6.7% for yield, 15.4% for grain appearance, and 1.5% for 100-seed weight). Six superior lines combining high grain yield (1,835–2,147 kg•ha-1), favorable grain appearance (1.2–1.0), and 100-seed weight (21.1–22.6 g) were identified, confirming the potential of wild germplasm to broaden the genetic base and contribute to developing carioca common bean cultivars better adapted to BNF.

Source: Bragantia

DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20260041