Green Nanofabrication and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Grewia asiatica Leaf Extract: In vitro Assessment of Antioxidant and Antilithiatic Activity
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: A BSTRACT Context: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are highly useful in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields because of their specific physicochemical and biological properties. Green synthesis using plant extracts is an ecofriendly, whereas conventional synthesis often involves the use of toxic reagents. Aim: To characterize and evaluate the antioxidant and antilithiatic activities of AgNPs of Grewia asiatica. Settings and Design: Green synthesis of AgNPs using hydroalcoholic leaf extract of G. asiatica was achieved by experimental, laboratory-based study. Materials and Methods: Top down approach was used to synthesize nanoparticles of hydroalcoholic extract of G. asiatica and then characterized by ultraviolet Visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size, and zeta potential. Hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical scavenging assays were used to screen the antioxidant activity, while inhibition of dicalcium phosphate crystallization in vitro was used to determine its antilithiatic activity. Statistical Analysis Used: Experimental data were represented as mean ± standard deviation, and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values were computed using linear regression analysis. Results: Nanoparticle formation was confirmed by UV-VIS analysis by a characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak at 451 nm. Phytochemical involvement in nanoparticle stabilization was confirmed by the presence of O-H and C = C stretching vinrations in FTIR spectra. The size of the spherical particles, as determined by SEM, was found to be 43 nm to 87.7 nm, and the zeta potential was found to be -19.4 mV. AgNPs possess significant antioxidant activity (IC 50 =28.26 µg/mL) and prominent antilithiatic activity (43.38%). Conclusions: The present study proved that AgNPs synthesized by ecofriendly methods possess marked antioxidant and antilithiatic activity.
Language: English
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7204604749