Year: 2025
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: The importance of the theme is determined by the value of the sunflower as a strategic oilseed plant, particularly valuable from a strategic, economic and food point of view. Development and application of integrated sunflower protection systems with the broad application of biological means of protection, especially microbiological preparations that will be the basis for regulating the density of populations of harmful organisms in conventional and organic agriculture.The ecological substantiation of the development and application of the integrated sunflower protection system advances objectives such as: Determining the phytosanitary status of sunflower and the impact caused by harmful organisms at different stages of development, to establish the biological diversity of biological agents that participate in regulating the density of harmful organism populations. As a perspective, we can highlight the methods of identifying phytosanitary agents and biological agents useful in the future, such as the analysis of the phytosanitary status of agricultural agrophytocenosis. The research from 2025 was conducted in a 3-year repetition on the same land located in the southern part of the Republic of Moldova, Iujnoe village, Cahul district. The experiment was conducted on a plot within the field with an average quality of 80 points, the soil type being ordinary chernozem with a loamy texture. The experimental design includes three variants in three repetitions, the conventional protection system, the ecological protection system and the control were used as variants. As a repetition, three of the most famous sunflower hybrids on the market were evaluated, which are cultivated using three different technologies, namely: repetition 1 Express technology, hybrid P64LE25, repetition 2 Clearfield technology, hybrid P64LP130 and repetition 3 classic technology, hybrid LG5377. Throughout the growing season, records will be kept on the development of diseases and the appearance of pests, and at the end of the period, the harvest will be determined. In the conventional version for integrated protection, the fungicide Unical EC will be used, 1: l /ha (tebuconazole 250 g/l) applied in two treatments in the 6-leaf phase and at budding. In the organic version, the organic fungicide Trichodermin, 1% suspension, will be administered, also applied in two treatments in the respective phases plus seed treatment. The most intensive manifestation of diseases caused by the phytopathogenic agents Botrytis cinerea, Plasmophara halstedi is expected, a limiting factor for the harvest. Despite the strong phytopathological background and the increase in the number of attacked plants, it is expected that the effectiveness of the administered preparations will be observed. It is expected to determine the high efficacy of the fungicide Unical EC, 1 l/ha (tebuconazole 250 g/l) in the conventional sunflower protection system against the background of 4-year monoculture. Ecological protection of sunflowers is expected to become increasingly difficult with the practice of monoculture, but not impossible if the number of treatments during the growing season is increased
Author: Ion Paladi
Institution: Moldova State University
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDGs: Zero hunger, Life on land
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W7204698669