Year: 2026
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: One of the promising crops at present is winter triticale - a crop with high potential and nutritional value. This crop is one of the great achievements of man in the field of plant breeding. The growing interest in the cultivation of triticale is caused by its high productivity, winter hardiness, quality of grain and green mass, low susceptibility to a number of diseases, the possibility of cultivation on poor soils. The strategic goal, in the process of further increasing the production of high-quality food and feed grain, is the creation of new high-yielding varieties of grain crops, in particular winter triticale. The main task of triticale breeding at the present stage in the conditions of Moldova is the creation of mid-season and highly productive varieties with high grain quality, resistant to biotic and abiotic environmental factors. When creating a new variety, the important task of increasing yields by increasing the grain content of the ear and increasing the productive tillering of plants was solved. The best varieties of winter triticale, wheat and rye were involved in the crossing, which allowed to enrich the genetic basis of the breeding material, giving it a complex of biological and economically valuable traits and properties. Currently, the following varieties are approved in the Republic of Moldova: Ingen 93, 33, 35, 40, 54, Costel, and the FĂNICA variety is being tested in PVTC. The FANICA variety was obtained by hybridizing 3 genera (common wheat, rye and triticale) - F4 (Podoima x Talovscaia 12) x Ingen 93 and then, starting with F2, individual selection was carried out from hybrid populations and they were tested in breeding, control and competitive nurseries. The variety belongs to the Erythrospermum variety (the spike and awns are white, the grain is red). The spike is cylindrical, 13.0–14.0 cm long and has a density of 31–34 spikelets per 10 cm of spike length. The kernel is large (the weight 1000 kernels is 48–51 g), contains 16.0–16.5% protein, 18–19% gluten. The number of grains in an spike varies from 69 to 76, in a spikelet 2-3 grains. The vegetation period is 276–280 days. The FANICA variety belongs to the group of mid-early varieties, earing and flowering occurs 2–4 days earlier than the standard Ingen 93 variety. Plant height is 113–120 cm, productive tillering is 2.8–3.0 stems. High resistance to lodging and shedding. It is resistant to drought, frost and diseases (powdery mildew, yellow and brown rust, fusarium, septoria, etc.). The variety is productive, the potential yield is 8.9 t / ha, which is 1.0 t / ha more than the control variety (Ingen 93). It is recommended to sow in the first decade of october with a seeding rate of 4.5 - 5.0 million grains per hectare. Responds well to the application of mineral fertilizers. Less demanding of soil conditions than wheat. A variety for grain feed use with good grain quality and high protein content. It has good biochemical and baking qualities. The new triticale variety can be used as a source material for the creation of new triticale varieties and for cultivation in all areas of Moldova.
Institution: Moldova State University
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W7204706967