The Philosopher of the Middle: A Narrative Review of Aristotle, from the Organon's Logic to the Politics' Animal
Year: 2026
Type: review
Abstract: Aristotle is philosophy's system: the logic that names inference, the physics that names change, the metaphysics that names being, the ethics that names flourishing, and the politics that names the city---each a treatise whose questions still organize their sciences. This article presents a narrative review of the primary literature of that system. The synthesis is organized around three themes: the Organon and the sciences, in which the Categories, Prior and Posterior Analytics, and Barnes's and Ackrill's analyses fixed the syllogistic and the theory of demonstration; nature and being, in which the Physics's four causes and teleology, the Metaphysics's substance and act, and Ross's and Charlton's readings reconstructed the first philosophy; and the practical works, in which the Nicomachean Ethics's eudaimonia and virtue, and the Politics's zoon politikon, with Kraut's and Barnes's syntheses, grounded the human science. It is concluded that Aristotle's literature is philosophy's most complete architecture: a single apparatus---form, cause, and end---applied from syllogisms to cities, whose medieval canonization and modern revival testify to its questions' permanence.
Authors: Revista, Zen, PHILOSOPHY, 10
Institution: Faculdades Guarulhos
Language: English
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7204788095