The Investigation of Carbon Black and Kaolin Combination in Rubber for Pneumatic Tire Sidewalls
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Medium-dispersion carbon black is typically used as the filler in tire sidewall rubber. The aim of these research was to investigate a combination of high-dispersion and coarse-dispersion fillers in varying proportions in tire sidewall rubber. The high-dispersion filler was carbon black N 220. The coarse-dispersion filler was kaolin. For comparison, rubber containing individual fillers, including medium-dispersion carbon black N 550, were also examined. The rubber mixtures were prepared on a laboratory rollers LB 320 160/160 at temperature of 50-60 °C. Mooney viscosity was determined using a Mooney-Line Viscometer (Prescott Instruments Ltd). The vulcanization characteristics of the mixtures were analyzed on a Rheo-Line Moving Die Rheometer (Prescott Instruments Ltd). Vulcanization was carried out in a 160-600 2E hydraulic press at temperature 155 °C for 20 min. The properties of the vulcanized rubbers were tested according to standard methods accepted in the rubber industry. According to the obtained results, the relation fatigue endurance-filler ratio lies significantly above the additive curve, while the relation viscosity-filler ratio lies below the additive curve. A rubber mixture containing a carbon black N 220:kaolin at 3:1 mass ratio has comparable technological properties to rubber mixture containing medium-dispersion carbon black N 550. The fatigue endurance under constant deformation amplitude and tear resistance of rubber containing a carbon black N 220:kaolin at 3:1 mass ratio are higher than those of rubber containing medium-dispersion carbon black N 550. For citation: Shilov I.B., Shirokova Е.S. The investigation of carbon black and kaolin combination in rubber for pneumatic tire sidewalls. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2026. V. 69. N 10. P. 103-109. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20266910.7033.
Authors: Ivan B. Shilov, Evgeniya S. Shirokova
Language: English
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7204861390