Association of Galectin-3, Soluble ST2, Angiotensin II, and TGF-β With Gensini Score–Defined Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: The Gensini score is an angiographic measure of coronary artery disease burden. Cardiac biochemical Biomarkers and lipid profile abnormalities are common in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but their direct association with angiographic severity is not always clear. Objective: study the Severity of Coronary Artery Syndrome by assess the relationship between Gensini score of with (Galectin-3, ST2, Angiotensin II, and TGF-β), Cardiac Biomarkers, Lipid Profile, and Renal Function in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients who underwent coronary angiography. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 31 ACS patients with available Gensini scores, including 17 STEMI and 14 NSTEMI cases who underwent coronary angiography. Spearman correlation was used to assess associations between Gensini score with Serum levels of galectin-3, angiotensin II, TGF-β and sST2 and total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, troponin, and CK-MB. Urea, creatinine in patients were also compared according to median Gensini score (≤36 vs >36) and markers. for statistical study of diagnostic performance of the researched biomarkers and their association with illness severity. Results: the Gensini score was NSTEMI patients had higher Gensini scores than STEMI patients with [p<0.001]. Gensini score with All four investigational biomarkers and CK-MB were significantly higher in the high-Gensini subgroup. Galectin-3 (p = 0.025); angiotensin II (p = 0.023); ST2: (p = 0.041); TGF-β (p = 0.023). Troponin, the lipid profile and renal parameters showed no significant differences across the Gensini split. was not significantly correlated with urea (ρ=-0.023), creatinine (ρ=-0.034), total cholesterol (ρ=0.058), triglycerides (ρ=-0.132), LDL-C (ρ=-0.081), or troponin (ρ=-0.280) Conclusion: The present study demonstrated significant positive correlations between Gensini score and all investigated biomarkers and CK-MB These findings suggest that increasing coronary artery syndrome severity is accompanied by enhanced activation of inflammatory, fibrotic, and neurohormonal pathways. Since the Gensini score reflects the cumulative burden and anatomical complexity of coronary atherosclerosis and the underlying pathophysiological processes driving plaque progression, vascular remodeling, and chronic coronary damage
Authors: Ali Saleem, Hassan Al-Saeed, Rafid Altaweel
Institution: Nahrain University
Language: English
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7207625399