Current state and prospects for the use of biogenic materials in the comprehensive treatment of chronic osteomyelitis
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Purpose of the study . To analyze the results of studies on the use of biological grafts in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis and to determine the optimal method for bone defect reconstruction. Materials and methods . A retrospective review of Russian literature indexed in the electronic databases PubMed, eLIBRARY, Google Scholar, and CyberLeninka was performed. The search was conducted using the keywords “chronic osteomyelitis”, “bone defect reconstruction” and “growth factors.” Both experimental and clinical studies were considered. Results . Bone defect reconstruction is one of the key stages in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. To enhance regenerative capacity at the affected site, implants containing growth factors, including FGF, VEGF, IGF, TGF-β, PDGF, and BMP, should be used. These growth factors are found in autografts, platelet-rich plasma, mesenchymal stem cells, and adipose tissue. Growth factors may also be added to allografts or other graft materials to enhance their osteoinductive properties. In addition, these biomaterials can be used for bone defect reconstruction as local drug-delivery systems, enabling high local concentrations of antibiotics and thereby improving the treatment of osteomyelitis. Conclusion . Autologous bone grafting remains the “gold standard” for the reconstruction of bone defects in chronic osteomyelitis; however, it is associated with additional donor-site morbidity. Favorable outcomes have also been reported with platelet-rich plasma (PRP), xenogeneic implants, and maral antler-derived materials, which may be attributed to their high content of growth factors. Combining an implant with an antibacterial agent may improve treatment outcomes.
Language: English
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7213746136