Immunological Evaluation of foot and mouth disease vaccine formulation with Coral-vac AT 318 adjuvant in Guinea pigs
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: In Egypt, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) still poses a threat to the productivity and health of livestock. In this investigation, we developed a novel oil-based adjuvant formulation for an inactivated FMD vaccine administered to guinea pigs. The objective was to ascertain if the novel Water-in-Oil-in-Water (W/O/W) type emulsion adjuvant might enhance cellular immunity by lymphocyte proliferation (MTT assay) and humoral immunity as assessed by the serum neutralization test (SNT). The novel oil-adjuvant vaccine induced significantly high neutralizing antibody titers by SNT indicating good humoral immune response, and the lymphocyte stimulation index measured by the MTT assay of stimulated lymphocytes extracted from vaccinated animals was likewise highly significant. The vaccine demonstrated good tolerability, exhibiting no adverse local or systemic reactions. The findings demonstrate that the novel oil adjuvant improves both components of the immune system, showing marked superiority in humoral immunity (as evidenced by SNT) and increased cellular proliferation (as indicated by MTT assay). The novel oil-based adjuvant formulation with FMDV antigens produced significant improvements in both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in guinea pigs, which underscoring that the new formulation may signify a substantial improvement in FMD vaccination strategies in Egypt.
Source: Benha Veterinary Medical Journal
Language: English
Subfield: Animal Science and Zoology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7213912366