Year: 2026
Type: conference-abstract
Abstract: Introduction Studies have shown an association between copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) use and bacterial vaginosis (BV). However, there is no published evidence regarding any association between levonorgestrel IUDs (LNG-IUDs) and BV. Methodology A retrospective case note review was undertaken of all women who presented with symptomatic BV following IUD insertions at a UK sexual health clinic. The electronic patient record system was used to identify all women who had had an IUD inserted between January 2021 – December 2023 and subsequently given a microscopically confirmed diagnosis of BV (up to12 months after IUD insertion). Additional data on continuation or removal of IUDs was collected until December 2025. Results There were a total of 1725 IUD insertions; 1073 LNG-IUD and 652 Cu-IUD. Of the 1073 LNG-IUD’s, 26 (2.4%) were subsequently diagnosed with BV. Of the 652 Cu-IUD, 15 (2.3%) were subsequently diagnosed with BV. Of those diagnosed with BV in the LNG-IUD cohort, 9 had their LNG-IUD removed at our service; none cited BV as a reason for removal. In the Cu-IUD cohort, 10 had their Cu-IUD removed in our service; 1 cited BV as a reason for removal alongside heavier periods. This patient had 1 documented episode of BV in our service but reported requiring multiple ‘over the counter’ BV treatments. Conclusion Our preliminary findings suggest that the overall incidence of BV following IUD insertion is relatively low. Interestingly, we did not find a significant difference in BV incidence, with similar rates of BV following LNG-IUD (2.4%) and Cu-IUD (2.3%). However, important limitations of this work include; relatively short observation period (12 months) and not being able to ascertain if some women may have sought BV treatment elsewhere (pharmacy or via their GP). Further research is warranted to determine the association specifically between LNG-IUD and BV.
Authors: Grace Fennelly, Sian Pearson, Nadi Gupta
Institution: The Rotherham NHS Foundation Trust
Language: English
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W7214764680