Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: association, and pathophysiological plausibility, a weighted scoring model (ST Score) was constructed.Results: Major criteria included axial angulation >10 • , sagittal translation >3 mm, vacuum phenomenon, and axial mechanical pain.Minor criteria comprised pelvic incidence >50 • , translation between 1-3 mm, angulation 5-10 • , synovial cyst, Modic type I-II changes, reduced disc height, and facet joint effusion >1 mm.The ST Score defines instability when ≥2 major criteria or ≥1 major plus ≥3 minor criteria are present.This structured framework consolidates multidimensional radiological and clinical markers into a reproducible instability construct intended to support surgical stratification.Conclusion: The ST Score represents an evidence-informed prototype model designed to standardize the assessment of segmental instability in degenerative lumbar disease.By integrating radiographic, biomechanical, and clinical indicators into a unified framework, this model addresses current variability in surgical indication strategies.Prospective cohort-based validation studies are required to determine diagnostic performance, predictive accuracy, and interobserver reliability.
Source: Brain and Spine
Language: English
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,950
OpenAlex ID: W7214768992