โครงสร้างและสมบัติ การสกัด การวิเคราะห์ การดัดแปรโครงสร้าง และการใช้ประโยชน์ของไคตินและไคโตซาน
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Chitin and chitosan are polysaccharides with diverse applications in biomaterials, packaging, and environmental technologies. However, variations in their extraction and processing lead to different structures and properties. This narrative review explores the intricate relationships between their structure, extraction methods, characterization techniques, modification strategies, and ultimate applications. We compare biological and chemical extraction routes, including alternative solvents, and discuss methods for evaluating critical properties such as degree of deacetylation, molar mass, purity, and material characteristics. Modification approaches, including crosslinking, grafting, and reactions at amino or hydroxyl groups, are examined with selected experimental conditions and quantitative results. The review highlights that increased modification does not universally enhance all properties; for instance, improved structural stability may concurrently reduce swelling and molecular transport. Therefore, effective material design necessitates aligning structure with intended function and operating conditions, while also differentiating between material-level evidence and demonstrated product performance. Future advancements should prioritize comparable characterization, stringent control of residual substances, batch consistency, testing under realistic conditions, and a comprehensive assessment of resource utilization across the entire processing lifecycle.
Author: srijunpetch, nathakamolwan
Language: Thai
Subfield: Biomaterials
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7220178765