Short Repeated DNA Sequencing Approaches for Population Genetics in Tick-Borne Apicomplexan Parasites
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Systematic Review
Abstract: Background: Theileria and Babesia are tick-borne apicomplexans of major veterinary and public health importance. Sequencing of short repeated DNA markers reveals genetic diversity crucial for surveillance and control. While population genetics studies of Theileria and Babesia have utilized short repeated DNA markers, no comprehensive synthesis of methodological approaches exists. Purpose: Systematic consolidation of sequencing strategies for short repeated DNA profiling in tick-borne apicomplexans is accomplished for the first time, complemented by critical workflow evaluations. Review: PRISMA guided systematic searches were conducted across five databases; ScienceDirect, Springer Nature Link, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar. This study included articles on Theileria and Babesia that focused on repetitive markers only, fragment analysis, and population level studies. Case Management: Sixty articles from 2003 to 2025 met the inclusion criteria, revealing that sample preparation relies primarily on field samples and cultured parasite stabilates. Hybrid sequencing provides a higher resolution of parasite diversity and population structure and detects variants missed by gene panels and short repeated DNA sequencing alone. Selective whole genome amplification is an emerging powerful tool in target enrichment. Conclusion: Short repeated DNA sequencing is a reliable tool for determining the population structure of tick-borne apicomplexan parasites. Harmonization of sequencing strategies eliminates study design bias, ensuring that the observed outcomes in population genetics are attributed to the variables under investigation.
Language: English
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7224192205