The hidden burden of congenital anomalies in Somaliland: a call for prevention, early detection, and specialized care
Year: 2026
Type: editorial
Abstract: Introduction Congenital anomalies contribute substantially to neonatal and under-five mortality, disability, and health inequity, yet their burden remains poorly recognized in Somaliland.Theory This article frames congenital anomalies as a health-systems and equity issue involving prevention, maternal and newborn care, surgery, rehabilitation, and universal health coverage.Method The article synthesizes recent peer-reviewed evidence from low- and middle-income countries, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, and considers its relevance to Somaliland in light of localized data on pediatric surgical needs, geographic access, and delayed care.Result Evidence shows major outcome disparities, including mortality of 39.8% for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income countries versus 5.6% in high-income countries. Folic acid supplementation and food fortification can reduce preventable anomalies, especially neural tube defects. Somaliland lacks adequate surveillance, screening, referral systems, and specialized pediatric services.Discussion Somaliland should establish birth-defect surveillance, strengthen folic acid provision, improve newborn screening and referral, expand pediatric surgical and rehabilitation capacity, and develop multisectoral partnerships to reduce preventable mortality, disability, and inequity across the national system.
Source: Critical Public Health
Institutions: Burao University, University of Hargeisa
Language: English
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7224554233