Year: 2026
Type: review
Abstract: Toxoplasma gondii is a globally distributed zoonotic parasite that infects approximately one-third of the human population. Its intricate life cycle involving multiple hosts, combined with the remarkable environmental resilience of oocysts, renders it one of the most difficult pathogens to control. Toxoplasmosis imposes substantial public health and economic burdens, encompassing congenital infections, opportunistic diseases among immunocompromised individuals, reproductive losses in livestock, and persistent environmental contamination that perpetuates transmission. Conventional single-sector interventions addressing human, animal, or environmental health in isolation have proven inadequate for sustainable control. The One Health framework offers an integrative approach that connects human, animal, and environmental health through cross-sectoral collaboration, technological innovation, and community engagement. This review summarizes the epidemiological features and major transmission routes of T. gondii, and proposes comprehensive prevention and control strategies grounded in the One Health paradigm. Implementing this framework can bridge disciplinary boundaries, enhance early surveillance, and establish a robust, long-term system to mitigate T. gondii transmission, thereby protecting human, animal, and ecosystem health.
DOI: 10.1155/tbed/3668308
Institutions: Ningbo University, Ningbo University Affiliated Hospital
Language: English
Subfield: Parasitology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $2,710
Awards: G2951214808, G4795958205, G6634606404
OpenAlex ID: W7224745877