Effect of Beejamrit, Amritpani and Panchagavya on growth, productivity, nutrient uptake and nitrogen-use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Efficient nutrient management is essential for improving wheat productivity, maintaining soil fertility and reducing dependence on external inputs. Traditional cow-based formulations such as Beejamrit, Amritpani and Panchagavya are attracting interest in sustainable production systems, yet evidence on their combinations with mineral fertilizer is limited. This paper presents a field experiment design and an illustrative analytical framework to evaluate combinations of these formulations, with and without the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF; 120:60:40 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha−1), on growth, yield attributes, grain and straw yield, nutrient uptake and nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) of wheat cv. PBW 373. Seven treatments (untreated control, RDF, three two-formulation combinations, all three formulations, and RDF plus all three formulations) are laid out in a randomized block design with three replications (21 plots) at the Research Farm, Shivalik College of Engineering, Dehradun, during Rabi 2024–25. In the dataset, RDF plus all three formulations (T7) gave a grain yield of 4.55 t ha−1 against 4.20 t ha−1 under RDF alone (+8.33%) and 2.40 t ha−1 in the control. Total N, P and K uptake under T7 was 129.00, 21.93 and 97.44 kg ha−1. Partial factor productivity of N was 37.92 versus 35.00 kg grain kg−1 N, agronomic efficiency 17.92 versus 15.00 kg kg−1 N, and apparent N recovery 61.50% versus 48.17%. These values are not experimental observations; they show how the experiment would be analysed and reported. Measured replicated data, analysis of variance (SEm±, CD) and formulation nutrient analysis are required before conclusions are drawn on treatment effectiveness.
Institution: Arni University
Language: English
Subfield: Soil Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W7225423710