The Impact of Agricultural Productivity and Socioeconomic Factors on Food Security in Indonesia
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Background Food security is a critical component of national development and is influenced by both agricultural and socioeconomic factors. In Indonesia, differences in agricultural productivity, poverty levels, and educational attainment across provinces may affect households’ ability to obtain and utilize adequate food. Therefore, examining the relationship between these factors is important for strengthening evidence-based food security policies. Methods This study employs a quantitative approach using secondary data from national and international databases covering provincial-level observations in Indonesia during the study period. Food security is treated as the dependent variable, while agricultural productivity, poverty, and education are the independent variables. Agricultural productivity is measured using crop yield and production indicators, poverty is represented by the percentage of the population living below the poverty line, and education is measured by average years of schooling. Food security is proxied by indicators including calorie consumption and household food expenditure. Multiple linear regression analysis is employed to examine the effects of the independent variables on food security. Results The findings indicate that agricultural productivity has a positive and statistically significant effect on food security, demonstrating that increased agricultural output contributes to improved food availability and access. Poverty has a negative and statistically significant effect on food security, indicating that higher poverty levels constrain households’ ability to access adequate and nutritious food. Education has a positive and statistically significant effect on food security, highlighting the role of human capital in improving food access, utilization, and overall food security. Conclusion Agricultural productivity, poverty reduction, and educational attainment are important determinants of food security in Indonesia. The findings suggest that strengthening national food security requires an integrated policy approach that combines agricultural development with poverty alleviation and improvements in educational attainment. This study contributes to the literature by integrating agricultural and socioeconomic dimensions into a quantitative model of food security at the provincial level in Indonesia.
Source: F1000Research
Institution: Indonesia Defense University
Language: English
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,350
OpenAlex ID: W7225858740