An Examination of Psychological Strategies Used by Basketball Officials
Year: 2011
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: The Cornerstones Performance Model of Refereeing identifies psychological skills as key in optimizing refereeing performance (Mascarenhas et al., 2005). The present study examined the psychological skills most frequently utilized by basketball officials, as well as differences between high (varsity college or higher) and low (high school or lower) level officials and gender. Participants included 513 male (n = 450) and female (n = 58) basketball officials who completed the Test of Performance Strategies Questionnaire (Thomas et al., 1999). Officials reported using psychological skills most to maintain their emotional control and least to help them relax. There was a significant difference in level of officiating, (F(2, 507) = 2.22, p < .05, τ2 = .03), with higher level officials reporting higher frequency of self-talk, automaticity, and imagery. An overall gender effect was also found (F(2, 507) = 2.89, p < .01, τ2 = .04), with female officials reporting a higher frequency of self-talk and automaticity. The implications of these results are discussed.
Author: Walsh, Lindsay
Institution: University of Windsor
Language: English
Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W9938016