Exploring the Hierarchical Influence of Cognitive Functions for Alzheimer Disease: The Framingham Heart Study
Year: 2020
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Although some neuropsychological (NP) tests are considered more central for the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD), there is a lack of understanding about the interaction between different cognitive tests. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to demonstrate a global view of hierarchical probabilistic dependencies between NP tests and the likelihood of cognitive impairment to assist physicians in recognizing AD precursors. METHODS: Our study included 2091 participants from the Framingham Heart Study. These participants had undergone a variety of NP tests, including Wechsler Memory Scale, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and Boston Naming Test. Heterogeneous cognitive Bayesian networks were developed to understand the relationship between NP tests and the cognitive status. The performance of probabilistic inference was evaluated by the 10-fold cross validation. RESULTS: A total of 4512 NP tests were used to build the Bayesian network for the dementia diagnosis. The network demonstrated conditional dependency between different cognitive functions that precede the development of dementia. The prediction model reached an accuracy of 82.24%, with sensitivity of 63.98% and specificity of 92.74%. This probabilistic diagnostic system can also be applied to participants that exhibit more heterogeneous profiles or with missing responses for some NP tests. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a probabilistic dependency network for AD diagnosis from 11 NP tests. Our study revealed important psychological functional segregations and precursor evidence of AD development and heterogeneity.
DOI: 10.2196/15376
Authors: Huitong Ding, Ning An, Rhoda Au, Sherral Devine, Sanford H Auerbach, Joseph Massaro, Prajakta Joshi, Xue Liu, Yulin Liu, Elizabeth Mahon, Ting FA Ang, Honghuang Lin
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,950
Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Pfizer, Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Awards: G1017859460, G1397335784, G250621538, G279072258, G2808677056, Re-visiting Methods for MCI Diagnosis to Improve Biomarker and Trial Findings, G3205625555, G3562024847, G4937360334, G5164707915, G5218064391, G5281659474, G5600171757, Cognitive Heterogeneity in those with high Alzheimer's Disease Risk, MRI, Genetics & Cognitive Precursors of AD and Dementia, The Framingham Heart Study, Cognitive heterogeneity in those with high Alzheimer's Disease Risk, G7264467602, Epigenetic changes in synaptic and inflammatory genes involved in the age-dependent development of Alzheimer's disease pathologies andcognitive decline, G838251578, Boston University Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Epidemiology of Dementia in the Framingham Study, G9000124674, Cognitive heterogeneity in those with high Alzheimer's Disease Risk, Precursors of Stroke Incidence and Prognosis, G958306632
OpenAlex ID: W3002201933