Cognitive Resilience and Vulnerability to Socioeconomic Disadvantage: Predictors Across Individual, Family, School, and Neighborhood Contexts
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: ABSTRACT Though much research links socioeconomic disadvantage to cognitive difficulties during adolescence, many youth demonstrate resilience. Person‐centered approaches can be used to quantify this developmental heterogeneity and challenge deficit‐centered frameworks. This study leverages person‐centered and data‐driven methods to quantify and characterize cognitive heterogeneity in a socioeconomically diverse sample of early adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study ( N = 9839; 47.7% female sex; M age = 9.90 years; 46.7% White). Four profiles were identified based on their access to socioeconomic resources (SER) and multi‐domain cognitive functioning, including two profiles characterized by moderate‐to‐high SER (74.5%) and two profiles characterized by low SER (25.5%). Among youth in low‐SER environments, 88.6% demonstrated cognitive performance scores similar to youth with moderate‐to‐high access to SER (“cognitive resilience”), whereas 11.4% demonstrated markedly lower performance relative to the other profiles (i.e., 1.3–2.3 SD below the sample mean; “cognitive vulnerability”). Ridge regression identified ecological factors associated with profile membership at the individual level and within family, neighborhood, and school contexts. Suburban residence (odds ratio [OR] = 1.30), advanced pubertal maturity (OR = 1.20), bilingualism (OR = 1.14), and greater caregiver monitoring (OR = 1.10) were most strongly associated with lower‐SER youths’ membership in the resilient versus the vulnerable profile. Results emphasize the need to challenge deficit‐centered frameworks by investigating heterogeneity within profiles of adversity‐exposed youth and identifying context‐specific risk and protective factors.
Source: Developmental Science
DOI: 10.1111/desc.70105
Authors: Deena Shariq, Rachel R. Romeo, Arianna M. Gard
Institution: University of Maryland, College Park
Language: English
Topic: Resilience and Mental Health
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,140
Awards: Urban air pollution and neurobehavioral trajectories in the ABCD study, The role of air pollution in emotional neurodevelopment and risk for psychiatric disorders, 9/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT U MICHIGAN, 20/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT VCU, 3/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT U MINNESOTA, 4/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT FIU, 7/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT YALE, 17/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT UCLA, 15/21 ABCD-USA Consortium: Research Project Site at LIBR, 16/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER, 8/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT CHLA, ABCD-USA Consortium: Coordinating Center, 6/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT OHSU, 10/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT SRI, 12/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT U PITTSBURGH, 19/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT UVM, 1/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT U UTAH, 11/21 ABCD-USA Consortium: Research Project Site at UWM, ABCD-USA Consortium: Data Analysis, Informatics and Resource Center, 21/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT WUSTL, 13/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT MUSC, 5/21 ABCD-USA Consortium: Research Project Site at UC San Diego, 18/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, 2/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT UMB, 14/21 ABCD-USA Consortium: Research Project Site at CU Boulder
OpenAlex ID: W4417274422