Wine consumption, Mediterranean diet, and cardiovascular risk in two Spanish cohorts
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The benefits of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) are well established. However, one component, wine, remains controversial. This study assessed the association between MedDiet (with or without wine consumption) and major cardiovascular disease (CVD) or all-cause mortality. METHODS: The PREDIMED trial included 7447 high-risk participants. Adherence to MedDiet was measured using a validated 14-item questionnaire, including one item on wine (cut-off: seven glasses/week). The CVD events were recorded over a 4.8-year follow-up, while all-cause mortality was tracked for 17 years. A younger Spanish cohort (the SUN project), including 23,133 participants followed up for 22 years, was also evaluated. RESULTS: In PREDIMED, compared with poor compliers with MedDiet (excluding wine), good compliers (excluding wine), had a multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.84 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61-1.15] for CVD. For good compliers with MedDiet (including wine), the HR for CVD was 0.55 (95% CI 0.36-0.83). For all-cause mortality, MedDiet compliers (excluding wine) had HR of 0.77 (95% CI 0.68-0.87), which was 0.67 (95% CI 0.57-0.78) for MedDiet compliers (including wine). In exploratory dose-response analyses, reduced risk for death was not present in PREDIMED participants who drank three or more glasses of wine/day. Additionally, analyses least vulnerable to threats of abstainer bias were not significant and neither were multiplicative interaction terms for the wine item in the questionnaire. In the SUN cohort, no significant associations were observed between MedDiet compliance, wine, and CVD. However, for all-cause mortality, the HR was 0.94 (95% CI 0.71-1.26) for MedDiet compliers (excluding wine) and 0.54 (95% CI 0.28-1.04) for MedDiet compliers (including wine). When pooling both cohorts, wine consumption within the MedDiet was associated with lower all-cause mortality (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: In PREDIMED, moderate wine consumption, as part of the MedDiet, appeared to be associated with lower mortality and CVD risk. Some non-significant associations and interactions advise caution in interpretation of these findings.
Source: European Heart Journal
Authors: Miguel A Martínez-González, Maira Bes-Rastrollo, Carmen Sayon-Orea, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Juan Timiraos, Estefanía Toledo, José V Sorlí, Jordi Salas-Salvado, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Miquel Fiol, Helmut Shröeder, José Lapetra, Luis Serra-Majem, Xavier Pintó, María Barbería-Latasa, Emilio Ros, Nancy Babio, Carolina Ortega, Rafael de la Torre, Rosa M Lamuela-Raventos, Ramón Estruch
Institutions: Harvard University, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Navarre Institute of Health Research, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Universidad de Navarra, Universitat de València, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Municipal Institute for Medical Research, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Bellvitge University Hospital, Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $5,922
Funders: Indian National Science Academy, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Gobierno de Navarra, National Institutes of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Regional Development Fund, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Office of AIDS Research, HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council
Awards: G1224802032, G1277934509, G1363572241, G1614185211, G171934053, G1758091696, G1798164348, G195927840, G2421588870, G247774864, G2580699549, G3155581185, G3392602081, G3520960853, Florecimiento humano para prevenir la depresión: análisis longitudinal de la cohorte SUN, G4040736324, G4159188393, G4654025265, G4793409691, G5022784316, G5282537811, G5363850478, G5366182000, G5596145427, G5680818147, G5828992159, G5843814567, G6017331538, G6118751606, G6586259637, G6633511657, G6720145430, G6731524417, G7126197645, G7140016538, Mediterranean diet, Metabolites, and Cardiovascular Disease, G7492906535, A non-inferiority randomized trial testing an advice of modeA non-inferiority randomized trial testing an advice of moderate drinking pattern versus advice on abstention on major disease and mortality, G8256182663, Dieta mediterránea, provegetariana, ingesta de ultraprocesados y patrón de consumo de alcohol en relación a la edad de la menopausia y su sintomatología: un estudio de cohortes
OpenAlex ID: W7128619061