Work

Mapping TOEIC® Link™ Scores to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: This study maps TOEIC® Link™ assessment scores to levels of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages based on the judgments of a panel of experts. The Bookmark method was used to map the TOEIC Link assessments containing multiple-choice items (listening and reading), whereas the Expected Task Score method was used to map the assessments containing constructed-response items (speaking and writing). The panelists reported high levels of agreement, comfort with the panelist-recommended cut scores, and satisfaction with the standard setting process. A few small poststudy adjustments were made in the interest of congruence among ETS English proficiency assessments with common items or overlapping task types. Suggested citation: Hille, K., Schmidgall, J., Oh, S., & Ohta, R. (2026). Mapping TOEIC® Link™ scores to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (Research memorandum No. RM-26-04). ETS. https://doi.org/10.64634/4amdns26

Source: ETS Research Report Series

DOI: 10.64634/4amdns26

Authors: Kathryn Hille, Jonathan Schmidgall, Saerhim Oh, Renka Ohta

Institution: Educational Testing Service

Topic: Psychometric Methodologies and Testing

Subfield: Management Science and Operations Research

Field: Decision Sciences

Domain: Social Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

OpenAlex ID: W7165016206

FWCI:

Cites:

Cited by:

Related to: